Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/66567 
Year of Publication: 
2012
Series/Report no.: 
CESifo Working Paper No. 3978
Publisher: 
Center for Economic Studies and ifo Institute (CESifo), Munich
Abstract: 
The US refining industry is a leading producer of sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide emissions. As a result of the Clean Air Act, it has been subject to a host of environmental regulations that prescribe the production processes firms can employ and limits their emissions based on the permits they hold. Refiners must also produce gasoline that varies in quality by location to meet local, state and federal air quality standards. Empirical evidence suggests that a much larger proportion of firms in the industry have been non-compliant with Clean Air Act statutes than in other industries. We study the link between gasoline content regulation and the compliance behavior of refineries. We find that in areas with more stringent gasoline regulation, there was increased compliance on the part of firms.
Subjects: 
Clean Air Act
compliance behavior
energy markets
product regulation
petroleum refining
environmental pollution
JEL: 
Q53
Q58
L52
Document Type: 
Working Paper
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