Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/248982 
Year of Publication: 
2021
Series/Report no.: 
CESifo Working Paper No. 9437
Publisher: 
Center for Economic Studies and ifo Institute (CESifo), Munich
Abstract: 
Scores in standardized international student achievement tests and some recent adult literacy studies provide interesting data on the quality of educational outputs and on the skill level of the population that can be a useful complement to the data on the quantity of schooling which have been most commonly used in the growth literature. This paper describes the most recent available primary data on the subject, reviews different attempts to organize, standardize and summarize them, and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the existing indicators and their potential usefulness as explanatory variables in empirical analyses of the determinants of income and welfare levels and growth rates. A final section investigates the distribution of these indicators across a sample of 21 core OECD countries.
Subjects: 
human capital measurement
years of schooling
educational quality
adult skills
JEL: 
O40
I20
Document Type: 
Working Paper
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