Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/98976 
Year of Publication: 
2014
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 8162
Publisher: 
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
This paper presents new estimates of the economic benefits from economic and political integration. Using the synthetic counterfactuals method, we estimate how GDP per capita and labour productivity would have behaved for the countries that joined the European Union (EU) in the 1973, 1980s, 1995 and 2004 enlargements, if those countries had not joined the EU. We find large positive effects from EU membership but these differ across countries and over time (they are only negative for Greece). We calculate that without deep economic and political integration, per capita incomes would have been, on average, approximately 12 percent lower.
Subjects: 
economic growth
European Union
synthetic counterfactuals
JEL: 
C33
F15
F43
O52
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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