Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/161453 
Year of Publication: 
2016
Series/Report no.: 
ADBI Working Paper No. 577
Publisher: 
Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI), Tokyo
Abstract: 
This study investigates the impact of internal and external research and development (R&D) on the innovation performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in India and Pakistan. Micro-level data was obtained for 3,492 Indian and 696 Pakistani SMEs from the World Bank's Enterprise Survey, and bivariate probit estimation techniques were used. The results show that internal and external R&D positively affects product and process innovations. However, this effect is stronger for Indian SMEs. The negative relationship between firm size and innovation output implies that SMEs in both countries face resource constraints. Further, Indian SMEs are dominant in terms of undertaking internal R&D and generating product and process innovations relative to those in Pakistan. The complementary relationship between internal and external R&D has been examined for both countries. The study is unique in comparing Indian and Pakistani SMEs innovation activities using micro-level data. The results suggest that business managers can utilize a balanced combination of internal and external R&D to accelerate innovation output and increase absorptive capacity. Specifically, public support for innovation, such as R&D grants, subsidies, and tax credits, could encourage SMEs to undertake more radical innovations.
Subjects: 
India
Pakistan
SME
R&D
innovation
technology
firm
product innovation
process innovation
external R&D
internal R&D
absorptive capacity
innovative capacity
public support
incentives
output
bank loans
subsidies
tax credit
JEL: 
D22
L25
O31
O32
Creative Commons License: 
cc-by-nc-nd Logo
Document Type: 
Working Paper

Files in This Item:
File
Size
978.21 kB





Items in EconStor are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.