Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/210958 
Year of Publication: 
2019
Series/Report no.: 
Discussion Papers No. 894
Publisher: 
Statistics Norway, Research Department, Oslo
Abstract: 
We exploit the assignment of exam form in a high-stakes Norwegian high school exam to estimate the impact of exam form on exam results, later school performance, graduation and longer run outcomes. Results indicate that written exams significantly reduce exam grades and reduce the probability of passing relative to the alternative oral exam, particularly for initially low-performing students. Because passing the exam is mandatory to obtain a high school diploma, this translates into reduced high school graduation rates that remain significant over time, permanently shifting a group of marginal students to drop out of high school entirely. IV estimates on labor market earnings are close to zero, but these results are too imprecise to draw firm conclusions.
Subjects: 
Exam form
high school dropout
returns to education
JEL: 
I21
I26
J24
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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