Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/211308 
Year of Publication: 
2019
Series/Report no.: 
WIDER Working Paper No. 2019/75
Publisher: 
The United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER), Helsinki
Abstract: 
In South Africa, the manufacturing sector - important for growth and employment creation - has shown declining growth, poor productivity performance, decreased labour demand, and increased imports of intermediate goods (offshoring activities). Offshoring influences jobs and wages differently depending on the type of industry and worker. We provide a nuanced view of offshoring in South Africa, using firm- and employer-employee-level data to disentangle its impact on the labour market in terms of capital- and labour-intensive industries and skilled and unskilled workers. Contrary to previous findings in developed countries, we find that offshoring generally lowers employment in manufacturing firms, and seems to increase the percentage of unskilled workers and lower the percentage of skilled workers. There are indications that increased narrow offshoring increases the cohort of unskilled workers, particularly in ultra-labour-intensive industries. As offshoring gains momentum, worker-level earnings increase in capital- and labour-intensive industries but decrease in ultra-labour-intensive industries.
Subjects: 
offshoring
firm-level data
employer-employee data
employment
skills
wages
JEL: 
F14
F16
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
ISBN: 
978-92-9256-709-5
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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