Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/234479 
Year of Publication: 
2020
Series/Report no.: 
ECB Occasional Paper No. 238
Publisher: 
European Central Bank (ECB), Frankfurt a. M.
Abstract: 
We explain how the external counterpart of the euro area M3 can be analysed by using the euro area balance of payments (b.o.p.). This is possible because the net external assets of the monetary financial institutions (MFIs) are present in two statistical frameworks that follow similar conventions: the balance sheet items (BSI) of MFIs and the balance of payments statistics. The first step to including external flows in the monetary analysis is to understand the nature of the flows between resident money holders and the rest of the world. This is possible thanks to the monetary presentation of the b.o.p, which provides information on the nature of external transactions and therefore guidance on the persistence of the monetary signal stemming from external flows. Over the past five years, the increase in the euro area's external competitiveness has given rise to a sustained current account surplus that has consistently supported monetary inflows into the euro area. At the same time, portfolio transactions, which closely reflect financial and monetary policy conditions, have fluctuated significantly, increasing monetary inflows in the period from mid-2012 to mid-2014 and turning them into net outflows during the asset purchase programme (APP) period.
Subjects: 
balance sheet items
balance of payments
monetary financial institutions
net external assets
cross-border flows
monetary aggregates
JEL: 
E51
E52
F45
F41
F43
F32
F34
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
ISBN: 
978-92-899-4244-7
Document Type: 
Research Report

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