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Erscheinungsjahr: 
2021
Schriftenreihe/Nr.: 
Tinbergen Institute Discussion Paper No. TI 2021-084/VIII
Verlag: 
Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam and Rotterdam
Zusammenfassung: 
We consider whether external urban economic advantages (agglomeration economies) vary with time and space using a simple economic model and detailed micro-data on 134 locations in New Zealand for the period 1976-2018. We find subtle temporal variation, with estimates peaking in 1991 and then falling over the next 15-years by approximately 1%. Since 2006, however, estimates have remained broadly stable. Our results reveal more significant spatial variation: Large cities offer net benefits in production, but not in consumption, whereas small locations close to large cities ("satellites") experience agglomeration economies that are stronger than average.
Schlagwörter: 
agglomeration economies
cities
productivity
consumption
New Zealand
JEL: 
R11
R23
R30
Dokumentart: 
Working Paper
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