Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/272716 
Year of Publication: 
2023
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 16089
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
This paper explores how non-college occupations contributed to the gender gap in college enrollment, where women overtook men in college-going. Using instrumental variation from routinization, we show that the decline of routine-intensive occupations displaced the non-college occupations of women, raising female enrollment. Embedding this instrumental variation into a dynamic Roy model, we find that routinization decreased returns to the non-college occupations of women, increasing their college premium. In contrast, men's non-college occupations were less susceptible to routinization. Our model estimates that workplace routinization accounted for 44% of the growth in female enrollment during 1980-2000.
Subjects: 
gender
college enrollment
human capital
occupations
automation
JEL: 
I23
I24
I26
J16
J24
J23
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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