Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/295775 
Year of Publication: 
2024
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 16752
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
This working paper identifies the sources of human capital growth for the observation period 1990–2020 by region, gender and various determinants. It is a preliminary version of a forthcoming UNESCO/ Kyushu University Urban Institute Inclusive Wealth Report 2023 chapter. It focuses on five important country groups by gender - Asia, Africa, Latin America, the G20, and the EU - to highlight the differences between them. Human capital per capita varies significantly across countries in each group. Education and human capital is unevenly distributed among males and females, although both total and per capita human capital have grown over time in almost all countries. The paper concludes that attention must be paid to what has happened to the world's gender-disaggregated levels of education and human capital per capita over time. The future sustainability of nations and the well-being of individuals within nations depend on the continuation of historical progress.
Subjects: 
human capital
country wealth
gender
country groups
JEL: 
I21
J16
J24
O57
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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