Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/297268 
Year of Publication: 
2023
Series/Report no.: 
IFN Working Paper No. 1472
Publisher: 
Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN), Stockholm
Abstract: 
This paper analyses the effects of independent-school competition on Sweden's performance in TIMSS, an international low-stakes test in mathematics and science among students in year 8. Exploiting variation in independent-school enrolment shares across counties over time, it finds that increasing competition has improved TIMSS scores, an impact that appears only after 2003 and is driven by for-profit schools. The results suggest that competition both slowed down Sweden's performance decline between 1995 and 2011 as well as contributed to its improving scores between 2011 and 2019. A simulation based on the estimates indicates that Sweden's average score in TIMSS 2019 would have been 20 points, or 0.24 standard deviations, lower without the expansion of the independent-school sector.
Subjects: 
independent-school competition
student performance
TIMSS
JEL: 
I20
L33
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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