Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/300252 
Year of Publication: 
2024
Series/Report no.: 
GLO Discussion Paper No. 1461
Publisher: 
Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen
Abstract: 
The immigrant (foreign-born) population increased by 32 million in total across 37 European countries from 1990 to 2019. Much of this movement was from east to west. Indeed, both the total and foreign-born populations declined in the former Eastern Bloc over this period. Such demographic shifts could be expected to affect both the immigrant destination and origin countries in diverse ways. However, we find no evidence of positive or negative impacts on aggregate subjective well-being, among both the destination and origin countries. Immigrants, in contrast, experienced increased well-being, converted to monetary terms, in excess of £25,000 per person. Previous research had reduced scopes, e.g., covering destination countries or impacts on income only. We offer more comprehensive evidence, in terms of country and period, and by assessing impacts on subjective well-being, which implicitly includes all of the factors perceived to be important to people, both economic and non-economic.
Subjects: 
immigration
emigration
migrants
life satisfaction
happiness
JEL: 
I31
J15
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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