Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/300999 
Year of Publication: 
2024
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 17103
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
We ask whether the gendered division of work affects firm productivity across the spectrum of economic development. Personnel records of over 100,000 individuals hired by a global firm that operates in 100 countries reveal that the performance of female employees is higher where women are underrepresented in the candidate pool. This implies productivity gains from hiring more women, but realizing them would require increasing women's pay relative to men. The findings highlight how unequal gender norms in local labor markets create an equity-efficiency trade-off inside the firm, particularly in low-income countries with conservative gender norms.
Subjects: 
female labor force participation
multinationals
local labor markets
gender pay gap
firm productivity
JEL: 
O12
O15
M5
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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