Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/301318 
Year of Publication: 
2024
Series/Report no.: 
CESifo Working Paper No. 11192
Publisher: 
CESifo GmbH, Munich
Abstract: 
After decades of rising global economic integration, the world economy is now fragmenting. To measure this phenomenon, we introduce an index of geopolitical fragmentation derived from various empirical indicators. This index is developed using a flexible dynamic factor model with time-varying parameters and stochastic volatility. We then employ structural vector autoregressions and local projections to assess the causal effects of changes in fragmentation. Our analysis demonstrates that increased fragmentation negatively impacts the global economy, with emerging economies suffering more than advanced ones. Notably, we document a key asymmetry: fragmentation has an immediate negative effect, while the benefits of reduced fragmentation unfold gradually. A sectoral analysis within OECD economies reveals that industries closely linked to global markets —such as manufacturing, construction, finance, and wholesale and retail trade— are adversely affected. Finally, we examine the interaction between fragmentation and the economic dynamics of regional economic blocs, highlighting significant differences in the impacts across various geopolitical blocs.
Subjects: 
dynamic factor model
causality
geopolitical fragmentation
fragmentation index
JEL: 
C11
C33
E00
F01
F20
F40
F60
Document Type: 
Working Paper
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