Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/302693 
Year of Publication: 
2024
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 17176
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
This study quantitatively evaluates conclusions of NGOs, UN agencies, and the International Court of Justice denouncing the purported practices of apartheid by Israel. We gauge the impact of Israeli policies on Palestinian basic needs using a bespoke index and a novel instrumental variable (IV)-georeferenced mentions of Old Testament sites within a five-kilometre radius of each Palestinian locality. The instrument's exclusion restriction is validated by robustness checks and placebo tests (e.g., employing a placebo-IV built using New Testament-only landmarks). Our findings corroborate qualitative and legal research documenting how Israel's policies systematically undermine Palestinians' rights, potentially constituting an apartheid regime. This work could serve as evidence in prospective legal proceedings.
Subjects: 
Palestine
Israel
basic needs
discrimination
apartheid
JEL: 
D74
J71
K33
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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