Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/58917 
Year of Publication: 
2012
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 6307
Publisher: 
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
The Dutch Hunger Winter (1944/45) is the most-studied famine in the literature on long-run effects of malnutrition in utero. Its temporal and spatial demarcations are clear, it was severe, it was not anticipated, and nutritional conditions in society were favorable and stable before and after the famine. This is the first study to analyze effects of in utero exposure on labor market outcomes and hospitalization, and the first to use register data covering the full Dutch population to examine long-run effects of this famine. We provide results of famine exposure by sub-interval of gestation. We find a significantly negative effect of exposure during the first trimester of gestation on employment outcomes 53 or more years after birth. Hospitalization rates in the years before retirement are higher after middle or late gestational exposure.
Subjects: 
nutrition
ageing
developmental origins
morbidity
income
health
employment
JEL: 
I10
I12
J01
J10
J13
J24
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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